In September 1962, the people of Singapore voted for merger with Malaya, Sarawak, and North Borneo to form Malaysia. The possession of a national flag and crest is, for a people, symbolic of self-respect." When presenting the motion to the Legislative Assembly of Singapore on 11 November 1959, Sinnathamby Rajaratnam, the Minister for Culture, stated: "National flags, crest and anthem express symbolically the hopes and ideals of a people. On 30 November 1959, the Singapore State Arms and Flag and National Anthem Ordinance 1959 was passed to regulate the use and display of the State Arms and State Flag and the performance of the National Anthem. Both of these symbols were combined to create the national flag of Singapore. According to an account given by Lee Kuan Yew, the Chinese majority wanted stars based on the flag of the People's Republic of China while the Malay minority wanted a crescent moon to represent Islam. The flag, according to Toh, originally had only three stars (representing democracy, justice, and equality), but two more stars and a crescent were added later to distance it from the Malayan Communist Party emblem and to assure the Malay-Muslim community that Singapore was "not a Chinese state". Toh had opposed a red-and-white design as he considered it too similar to the flags of Indonesia and Poland, but the proposals for all-red, all-blue or blue-and-white designs were rejected. He initially wanted the flag's entire background to be red, but the Cabinet decided against this, as red was regarded as a rallying point for communism. The design of the flag was completed in two months by a committee headed by Toh. Apart from the anthem we have to produce the flag and the crest, we insisted that it was a Singapore state flag and should be flown side by side with the Union Jack. Then- deputy prime minister Toh Chin Chye discussed the creation of the national flag in a 1989 interview:Īlthough we were self governing it was necessary right from the beginning that we should rally enough different races together as a Singapore nation. Six months later, upon the installation of the new Yang di-Pertuan Negara (head of state) on 3 December 1959, the national flag was officially adopted, along with the state coat of arms and the national anthem Majulah Singapura ("Onward Singapore"). Singapore became self-governing within the British Empire on 3 June 1959. Upon Queen Elizabeth II's accession to the throne, the crown within the pall was changed to the crown of St. It was modified from the Straits Settlements flag to reduce the number of crowns from three to one. Soon after the Second World War, Singapore became an independent Crown colony and adopted its own flag. During the occupation of Singapore by the Japanese during the Second World War, the Japanese national flag was used on land by the military and during public events. The Settlement of Singapore had no separate flag, although the city was granted a coat of arms which featured a lion in 1911.
The flag that was used to represent the Settlements was a British Blue Ensign defaced with a red diamond containing three gold crowns-one for each settlement-separated by a white inverted pall, which resembles an inverted Y. Singapore was under British rule in the 19th century, having been amalgamated into the Straits Settlements together with Malacca and Penang. From July 1st to September 30th, private citizens may include the flag in designs for other objects, as long as it is not done in a disrespectful manner. The usage and exhibition of the national flag in Singapore are regulated by the regulations set forth in the Singapore Arms and Flag and National Anthem Act. Naval ships patrol a naval ensign similar to the state ensign, but in white with a red compass rose emblem. Non-military government vessels such as coast guard ships fly a state ensign of blue with the national flag in the canton, charged with an eight-pointed red and white compass rose in the lower fly. Merchant vessels and pleasure craft fly a civil ensign of red charged in white with a variant of the crescent and stars emblem in the centre.
Vessels at sea do not use the national flag as an ensign. The elements of the flag denote a young nation on the ascendant, universal brotherhood and equality, and national ideals. The design is a horizontal bicolour of red above white, overlaid in the canton (upper-left quadrant) by a white crescent moon facing a pentagon of five small white five-pointed stars. It remained the national flag upon the country's independence from Malaysia on 9 August 1965. The Flag of Singapore was adopted in 1959, the year Singapore became self-governing within the British Empire. A horizontal bicolour of red and white charged in white in the canton with a crescent facing the fly and a pentagon of five stars representing the nation's ideals.
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